The Ancient Puebloans, also known as the Anasazi, were a Native American culture that inhabited the Four Corners region—Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico—between approximately 1 A.D. and 1300 A.D. Depending on the criteria used to differentiate them from earlier groups, their origins may extend back to around 1500 B.C. The Ancient Puebloans are renowned for transitioning from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a sedentary agricultural society, cultivating beans, squash, and corn. They are also noted for their monumental architecture, which served as housing, defense against hostile groups, and protection for their food supplies.

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Ancient Puebloan Ruins: Best Places to Visit

One of the Southwest’s most captivating features is the remnants of this prehistoric civilization. The culture’s zenith occurred in Chaco Canyon from 900 to 1100 C.E. The grand pueblos in Chaco surpass other ancient world achievements, such as those of the Mayas and Incas. By 1300, the Ancient Puebloans had mysteriously vacated the region, sparking ongoing research and speculation.

This two-part guide explores the best places to visit these historical sites. This one will cover Utah and Colorado. When visiting, please respect these sacred areas by leaving no trace, not moving or taking anything, and following photography rules.

Ancient Puebloan Indian Ruins – Colorado

Mesa Verde National Park

Mesa Verde, near Mancos, CO, is perhaps the most well-known Indian cultural park in the United States. The main attraction is the many elaborate cliff dwellings in the area. The largest, and most famous, is called the Cliff Palace.  The area has been occupied for nearly 2,000 years. The park features mesa top pueblos and pit houses (dating from perhaps 600 C.E.) as well as the cliff dwellings which were built and occupied only during the final few decades of Anasazi occupation in the 13th century. There is also an excellent museum. Many ranger-guided tours are available including the famous Balcony House tour. The drive up to the mesa is extremely scenic. Access and activities are limited in winter. Pass prices vary: Single vehicle prices; October 23 – April 30 is $20, May 1 to October 22 is $30.

Hovenweep National Monument

Hovenweep National Monument in Dove Creek, Ut is on the border of Colorado and Utah. Hovenweep preserves six prehistoric sites built between A.D. 1200 and 1300 which may have served as ceremonial centers. Explore a variety of structures, including multistory towers perched on canyon rims and balanced on boulders. Hovenweep National Monument protects six ancestral Puebloan communities that are spread 20 miles along the Utah-Colorado border. Each community is one “unit” of the park, and each unit is not connected to the others.  You should start your visit at the Square Town Group the park’s main unit, which includes the visitor center and campground, as well as several of the park’s famous ancestral Puebloan structures. The rest of Hovenweep’s units are considered outliers and are more difficult to visit. All the outliers are accessed via dirt road, and we highly recommend using high-clearance vehicles. These units are Cutthroat Castle, Holly, Cajon, Horseshoe and Hackberry Groups. Please check the website for directions as this is not a straightforward monument to visit. Passes to visit the park start at $10.

Ute Mountain Tribal Park

The Ute Mountain Tribal Park in southwestern Colorado was created to preserve significant remnants of the Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) people, including spectacular cliff dwellings and rock art. Access to the park which is along the Mancos River and tributary canyons – and adjacent to Mesa Verde National Park – is by guided tour only. The Ute Mountain Tribal Park tours are highly recommended to anyone who is interested in cliff dwellings or any aspect of Ancestral Pueblo culture. However, the hiking and general effort of the all-day tour is quite strenuous so please do some research about this hike before you book it. There are other tours available.

Canyons of the Ancients and Anasazi Heritage Center

Canyons of the Ancients National Monument in Delores, Co. which is in the four corners area and encompasses over 174,000 acres of federal land. The Monument contains the highest known archaeological site density in the United States, with well-preserved archeological finds of Native American cultures. This cultural landscape contains more than 8,300 recorded sites reflecting many physical components of past human life: villages, field houses, check dams, reservoirs, great kivas, cliff dwellings, shrines, sacred springs, agricultural fields, petroglyphs and sweat lodges. Some areas have more than 100 sites per square mile. The total number of sites is estimated to be up to 30,000. A great starting point for visitors to the Canyon of the Ancients National Monument is the visitor center and museum. With tons of historical and informational data on the protected lands, the center is the perfect place to gather information for your guided or unguided tour.  Admission to the museum is $7.

Chimney Rock Archaeological Area

Chimney Rock Archaeological Area is a San Juan National Forest Archaeological Area located in Chimney Rock, CO. Surrounded by the Southern Ute Indian Reservation, Chimney Rock covers seven square miles and preserves 200 ancient homes and ceremonial buildings, some of which have been excavated for viewing and exploration: a Great Kiva, a Pit House, a Multi-Family Dwelling, and a Chacoan-style Great House Pueblo. Chimney Rock is the highest elevation of all the Chacoan sites, at about 7,000 feet above sea level. From the base, the hike to the top is just a half mile and it’s rewarded with dramatic 360-degree views of Colorado and New Mexico. All vehicles and motorcycles will be subject to an activity pass fee – $20.00.  The activity pass fee provides 5 days of access to the Chimney Rock National Monument. Self-guided tours are available during open hours and are included in the activity pass.

Ancient Puebloans Indian Ruins – Utah

Grand Gulch Primitive Area

Grand Gulch is one of the finest cultural and recreational resources on the Colorado Plateau. Located in Monticello, Utah, it winds for fifty miles before reaching the San Juan River. The lush canyon is ideal for backpacking and pack trips. And it is full of Anasazi relics. Remnants of small dwellings are scattered throughout Grand Gulch. But a big feature is the fabulous rock art, for the most part colorful painted pictographs. This is an unsupervised environment, so you get to enjoy these relics in a private and natural setting. Please keep in mind that this is a very primitive area. You do need a permit to enter this area.

Canyonlands National Park – Newspaper Rock State Park

The Canyonlands region is rich in small scale Anasazi ruins and rock art, located near Moab, UT. One of the most famous sites is Newspaper Rock adjacent to the Needles District. The large flat rock wall is literally covered by petroglyphs. If you are a backpacker, you will be able to reach the famous “All American Man” pictograph on Salt Creek. Canyonlands National Park preserves 337,598 acres of colorful canyons, mesas, buttes, fins, arches, and spires in the heart of southeast Utah’s high desert. Canyonlands preserves the natural beauty and human history throughout its four districts, which are divided by the Green and Colorado rivers. These are not close together so be sure to do research on the park’s website to see what areas you wish to explore. There is a $30 private vehicle fee to enter the park.

Edge of the Cedars State Park

At the nearby town of Blanding, the Edge of the Cedars State Park offers a partially excavated pueblo and a small museum. Edge of the Cedars Pueblo, a village inhabited by the ancestors of contemporary Puebloan peoples from AD 825 to 1225 and climb down a ladder to enter the 1,000-year-old kiva. View the largest collection of Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) pottery on display in the Four Corners area. There is a $5 fee to enter the park.

Horseshoe Canyon – Canyonlands National Park

The Great Gallery of Horseshoe Canyon is considered the finest rock art panel in America. While this area was the domain of the Fremont people during the Anasazi era, the rock art is much more ancient. The style, is known as “Barrier Canyon” and is associated with the Archaic Indians during the years 2000 B.C.E to 500 C.E. Relics in the area have been dated to 9000 B.C.E Access is via 30 miles of dirt road, then several miles of pretty tough hiking into the canyon. This is part of Canyonlands National Park.

Anasazi Indian Village State Historical Monument

Located in the remote town of Cannonville, Utah, this site offers an excavated Anasazi village and a museum. It is unusual because the village was established around 1075 B.C.E. by Kayenta Anasazi migrating up from the south. The village prospered for nearly 200 years and became a crossroads of Ancient Puebloan and Fremont culture. The village burned in 1275. The cause is not known nor is the whereabouts of the residents after the village was destroyed. Outside the museum, tour a life-sized, six-room replica of an ancient dwelling and view a portion of the original site. Inside, view artifacts excavated from this site and learn the lifeways of these people. There is a $5 fee to enter this monument.

Conclusion

As you can see there are many sites that have great history of not only the Ancient Puebloan, but also the peoples that followed them. If you enjoy learning about the history of our country, then these must-see sites should go on your bucket list! There is so much to learn about past cultures and visiting these sites is a great experience. Not only will you learn about the past, but the landscape is amazing. The Southwest, especially the four corners area, offers breathtaking views, lots of historical sites and some quirky places along the way. I had no idea there were so many sites in the four corners area. When planning your trip, you may want to break it into more than one trip to give yourself enough time to see them all. If you haven’t read Part 1 yet, it will tell you about Ancient Puebloan sites in Arizona and New Mexico.

Ultimate Guide to Ancient Puebloan Sites: Part One

We hope to help you plan your vacations by informing you of things we have learned and tips we’ve picked up along the way. I do recommend checking the websites we supplied when planning your trip to get more detailed information. We hope to inspire you to get out and make your own memories, don’t forget a camera, and find your own adventures. You don’t have to go on a big vacation to have an adventure, you can take a day trip near home and learn something new about your area. The most important thing is to get out and have fun!

The post The Ultimate Guide to the Top Ancient Puebloan (Anasazi) Sites in the Four Corners States Part 2 appeared first on scenicroutetravelers.com.

National monuments are areas reserved by the Federal Government because they contain objects of historic, prehistoric, or scientific interest. Among National Monuments in Arizona, you’ll find ancient cliff dwellings, archeological ruins and natural areas with unusual landscapes and rock formations.

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What is the difference between a National Park and a National Monument?

The difference between a national park and a national monument primarily lies in their purpose, size, and how they are established. Here’s a breakdown:

National Parks:

The purpose and focus is to protect large areas of natural beauty, ecosystems, and recreational opportunities. Often encompass a variety of landscapes and ecosystems. Generally larger in size, often encompassing vast landscapes, mountain ranges, or multiple ecosystems. The establishment process for these is quite different. For National Parks they must be created by an act of Congress, require broad legislative approval, making the process often more extensive. They are under the management of the National Park Service (NPS). Examples include Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park and Yosemite National Park. Arizona has three National Parks: Grand Canyon National Park, Petrified National Park and Saguaro National Park.

National Monuments:

Preserve a specific natural, historical, or cultural feature of significance. The focus may be narrower, such as protecting an ancient ruin, a specific geological formation, or an area of cultural importance. This can include structures like forts, archaeological sites, or unique natural landmarks. These tend to be smaller and focus on a specific site or feature. Establishment process: Can be designated by the President of the United States using the Antiquities Act of 1906. Does not require Congressional approval, making it faster to establish. Managed by a variety of agencies, such as the National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, or the U.S. Forest Service. Examples are Bears Ear National Monument, Monument Valley and Avi Kwa Ami National Monument.

In summary, while both national parks and national monuments aim to preserve important natural or cultural resources, national parks are generally broader in scope, size, and purpose, while national monuments are more targeted and can be established more quickly.

Pro Tip: If you plan to visit a few national parks, monuments, etc. consider getting an America the Beautiful Park pass. It will save you money when visiting parks and you may be able to get it for free. Visit the NPS website for more information.

Arizona’s National Monuments

Arizona has 18 sites designated as National Monuments, more than any other state. Let’s explore them so you’ll be prepared for your visit:

Agua Fria National Monument

Agua Fria National Monument protects four prehistoric settlements and over 450 other prehistoric sites of the Pueblo people that lived here between 1250 and 1450 AD. In addition to cultural resources, the Monument also protects the natural environment of the Agua Fria River and its tributaries. The monument is not developed and many of the roads in the area require high-clearance vehicles with 4×4 capability. There are few outdoor facilities at the Monument. There are hundreds of archaeological sites in the Agua Fria. We recommend exploring Pueblo la Plata as well as a site at the confluence of Badger Springs Wash and the Agua Fria River. Pueblo La Plata is one of the most prominent and easily accessible ruins within the Monument. Hiking and camping are allowed but there are no designated trails nor specific campgrounds. You are allowed primitive camping. There are no fees to visit this monument. The Agua Fria National Monument is located 40 mi north of Phoenix, AZ.

Canyon de Chelly National Monument

This canyon is home to Dine’ families who raise livestock, farm the lands, and live here. People have lived in these canyons for nearly 5,000 years, which is longer than anyone has lived continuously on the Colorado Plateau. In this place called Tsegi, their homes and images tell us their stories. Today, the Park Service and Navajo Nation work together to ensure the park tells the stories of the rich history here. Stop at the welcome center as you begin your journey to get maps and information. There are two overlook drives which take about 2 hours each to tour. These are free and self-guided. But if you really want to learn about the canyon, take a guided tour of the canyon bottom to learn about the lives of the Dine’.  Fees vary so be sure to check this website.  Camping is allowed in designated areas for a fee. Canyon de Chelley is located in Chinle, AZ. This is one of my favorite places to visit. For more detailed information on this National Monument read our blog about our visit here.

Casa Grande Ruins National Monument

This National Monument was preserved to showcase an Ancestral Sonoran Desert People’s farming community and “Great House “that are preserved at Casa Grande Ruins. You can take self-guided tour which consists of a short walk around the Casa Grande following wayside signs. There is a visitors’ center, bookstore, museum and theater which for you to enjoy. Entrance is free. Casa Grande Ruins is located in Coolidge, AZ

Chiricahua National Monument

Although this National Monument covers a relatively small section of the Chiricahua Mountains in the extreme southeast of Arizona, it contains large expanses of volcanic rocks eroded into dramatic pinnacles and spires which are amazing. A visit to Chiricahua National Monument offers a range of activities and attractions.  The park’s mild climate is suitable for a wide variety of outdoor activities throughout most of the year: day hiking, camping, picnicking, wildlife viewing, birding, nature photography, star gazing, and horseback riding. You can take a guided tour of the Faraway Ranch. Visit the many features within the historic district to discover human activity in the Chiricahua Mountains. Bonita Canyon Scenic Drive is an 8-mile paved drive that winds to Massai Point. There are multiple pullouts, and it provides access to Bonita Canyon Campground. Be sure to always check on weather conditions before you go. There are no entrance fees to this monument. This National Monument is located in Willcox, AZ.

Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument

This National Monument has a long human history spanning more than 11,000 years, and an equally rich geologic history spanning almost two billion years. Explore sweeping landscapes and engaging scenery on the edge of one of the most beautiful places on earth, the Grand Canyon. There are many things to do including seeing petroglyphs, visiting an old mining site and exploring the ranch house. Not to mention reveling in all that nature has to offer here. There are no paved roads here and it is very primitive, so plan ahead and be prepared. This is on the edge of the Grand Canyon located in both Arizona and Utah. The address is St. George, Utah.

Hohokam Pima National Monument

Hohokam Pima National Monument protected 2,000 inhabitants in ‘Snaketown,’ village. When Hokoham Pimas was excavated, the site became invisible above ground. Excavations in the 1930s and again in the 1960’s revealed the site was inhabited from about 300 BC to around 1200 AD and may have had up to 2,000 inhabitants. Following the last excavations, the site was completely recovered with earth, leaving nothing visible above ground. The Monument is located on the Gila River Indian Reservation and is under tribal ownership. The Gila River Indian Community has decided not to open the extremely sensitive area to the public. Although you can’t visit this site, I included it since it is of historical and cultural relevance.

Ironwood Forest National Monument

This National Monument is made up of 129,000 acres and contains a significant system of cultural and historical sites covering a 5,000-year period. Possessing one of the richest stands of ironwood in the Sonoran Desert, the monument also encompasses several desert mountain ranges including the Silver Bell, Waterman, and Sawtooth, with desert valleys in between. There are plenty of outdoor activities here from hiking to hunting and you can drive through the area, but you must stay on the paved roads. Please investigate before you visit as there are a few restrictions and no amenities available. Admission to Ironwood Forest National Monument is free. It is in Marana, AZ.

Montezuma Castle National Monument

Montezuma Castle National Monument protects the well-preserved living spaces of the Sinagua Indians. Like an ancient five-story apartment building, Montezuma Castle towers above the desert below, a stone-and-mortar testament of early architectural engineering. Experts have determined that the Castle was built over three centuries and provided shelter for the Sinagua Indians during flood seasons. Montezuma Castle and Montezuma Well are two parts of the same monument and are separated by about 11 miles. The Visitor Center at Montezuma Castle has information about both places. Both places have a short, 1/3-mile trail to see the archeological remains, as well as a picnic area. There is a $10 entrance fee. Montezuma Castle National Monument is in Camp Verde, AZ.

Navajo National Monument

At Navajo National Monument in the far northern reaches of Arizona, located on the Navajo nation, ancient homes were notched into the sides of cliffs and are still in remarkable condition. The dwellings here date back to 1300, when many Ancestral Puebloan people dispersed to different areas of the region. Navajo, Hopi, Paiute and Zuni once lived in this area and likely in these structures before moving onto more permanent villages.  All activities at the park are free. There are three self-guided trails with two being somewhat strenuous. The Sandal trail is the only one you can see the cliff dwelling and is an easier trail. There are also ranger-led hikes that are a bit longer and require some climbing. Please check the website to help make your plans for your trip. The Navajo National Monument is in Shonto, AZ.

Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument

In what is now Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, archaeological evidence places human beings in this area approximately 16,000 years ago. These people left behind projectile points, seashells, pottery, and rock art. There are hiking trails, bird-watching spots, scenic drives you can do by car, bike or horseback and camping available in this National Monument. Arizona highway 85 is the main entrance into the monument. The highway and the road into the campground are the only paved roads in the monument; all other roads are dirt and gravel, and some may require a high clearance, 4-wheel drive vehicle to explore. Located in Ajo, AZ the entrance fee starts at $15 per person. Be sure to check the website for fees and closures.

Pipe Spring National Monument

Pipe Spring National Monument preserves the history of human settlement on the Arizona Strip. For centuries, the life-giving water here has provided an oasis for Ancestral Puebloans, Kaibab Paiute Indians, and Mormon ranchers but not without territorial disputes and changes in the environment. Be sure to visit the Kaibab Paiute Museum to learn the rich history of this area. The grounds of the monument can be visited on your own. The East and West Cabins contain exhibits on cowboying and historic preservation. A hike on the 1/2-mile-long Ridge Trail offers great views of the Arizona Strip. There is a $10 entrance fee. Pipe Spring National Monument is in Fredonia, AZ.

 Sonoran Desert National Monument

This National Monument sits in the most biologically diverse North American desert. The most striking aspect of the plant community in the monument is the extensive saguaro cactus forest. The monument contains three mountain ranges, the Maricopa, Sand Tank and Tabletop mountains. The monument also contains wilderness areas, archaeological and historic sites, and remnants of several important historic trails, including the Anza Trail. You can hike, bike and ride horses here. Camping is also allowed. Some areas of the monument require permits. Sonora Desert National Monument is near Gila Bend, AZ.

Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument

The Sunset Crater landscape will capture your imagination with its wonderful and violent geologic history. Around 1,000 years ago, making it the youngest volcano in the area, the volcano erupted filling the surrounding area with lava and hot ash. It forever changed the the terrain of the area. Take some time to walk the trails, drive through the monument, or stop at the scenic overlooks and you will be in awe what nature can do when it wants to show off! The fee for visiting Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument varies so be sure to check the website while planning your trip. This monument is located near Flagstaff. Wupatki and Walnut Canyon National Monuments are located are both about 30 minutes from Sunset Crater Volcano.

Tonto National Monument

This National Monument is in the Superstition Mountains featuring cliff dwellings in the Tonto Basin. There are two trails you can hike: The Lower Cliff Dwelling Trail starts in the visitor center and winds up a steep path, ending in the Lower Cliff Dwelling where visitors can walk through portions of the structure and see expansive views of the basin below. The Lower Cliff Dwelling Trail is a moderate hike on a paved trail and is fully exposed with no shade. The Upper Cliff Dwelling Trail is by guided tour only. It is a 3-mile moderate/difficult hike on an unpaved area. Tours must be booked in advance. Located in Roosevelt, AZ this national monument has a $10 entry fee. Be sure to check the website before you plan your trip as there may be trail closures for safety reasons.

Tuzigoot National Monument

Tuzigoot National Monument is a remnant of a Sinaguan village built above the Verde Valley about 1,000 years ago. Tuzigoot, an Apache word meaning “crooked water,” is a two- to three-story pueblo ruin. The Tuzigoot monument comprises 110 stone masonry rooms. This is a self-guided tour, and the entrance fee is $10 per person. Tuzigoot National Monument is in Clarkdale, AZ.

Vermillion Cliffs National Monument

This remote and unspoiled 280,000-acre National Monument contains many diverse landscapes, including the Paria Plateau, Vermilion Cliffs, Coyote Buttes, and Paria Canyon. The monument borders Kaibab National Forest to the west and Glen Canyon National Recreation Area to the east. The monument includes the Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs Wilderness. The monument is also home to a growing number of endangered California condors.  To visit the monument, you’ll need extra planning and awareness of potential hazards. Most roads need a high clearance, four-wheel-drive vehicle due to deep sand. There are no amenities here. Near Page, AZ this national monument requires permits for hiking most of the areas.

Walnut Canyon National Monument

Situated in the stunning Coconino National Forest, Walnut Canyon National Monument is the ultimate hide-and-seek destination for ancient cliff dwellings. These abodes were carved by the Sinagua people over 800 years ago. The one-mile round-trip Island Trail provides access to 25 cliff dwellings. Rim Trail will take you on a stroll along canyon rim. Two canyon overlooks provide scenic views of the canyon and cliff dwellings below. Explore a partially rebuilt pit house and pueblo set back from the canyon rim. Located near Flagstaff, fees vary but private vehicle passes start at $25. Be sure to check website for alerts for weather related closures.

Wupatki National Monument

Nestled between the Painted Desert and ponderosa highlands of northern Arizona, Wupatki National Monument is home to five pueblos. The park’s namesake pueblo preserves 104 rooms, a ballcourt, and a natural blowhole feature. The Wukoki Pueblo stands three stories tall and overlooks the desert all the way to the San Francisco Peaks. The remaining four pueblos are several miles down the road. Citadel and Nalakihu pueblos appear to be single-family dwellings while the Lomaki and Box Canyon pueblos feature limestone and sandstone construction. You can take self-guided trails to see these pueblos. There are also ranger-led hikes to most of the pueblos. Reservations are needed for these. Fees for this Flagstaff, AZ National Monument, start at $25 for private vehicles.

Pro Tip: Please follow the leave it as you found it rule and don’t touch, move, or damage any of the monuments and environment. If you see artifacts, leave them. Keep in mind that these are sacred areas to Native Americans. You are visiting their home so take care of the area.

Conclusion: Exploring Arizona’s National Monuments

Arizona’s national monuments are more than just landmarks; they are windows into the past, showcases of natural beauty, and teach the history of the diverse cultures that have shaped the region. From the ancient dwellings of Montezuma Castle to the surreal landscapes of Vermilion Cliffs, these sites invite visitors to step back in time and immerse themselves in the stories of those who came before.

Whether you’re an avid history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply looking for an unforgettable adventure, Arizona’s national monuments offer something for everyone. So, pack your bags, hit the road, and let the awe-inspiring beauty of these protected treasures take your breath away. Your journey through Arizona’s national monuments is sure to leave you with a deeper appreciation for the state’s incredible heritage and landscapes. Be sure to check the website before you go to help make your trip a stress-free, fun experience.

We hope to inspire you to find your adventures and give them information and tips we’ve learned along the way to help you plan your vacation. Don’t forget your camera so you can capture your memories. Even if you do a day trip close to home you can find many new areas to explore, so go out find your adventure and have fun!

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Pro Tip: Arizona doesn’t observe Daylight Savings Time, so keep that in mind when planning your trip.

This post includes some affiliate links. If you make a qualifying purchase through one of these links, we will receive a small percentage of the sale at no additional cost to you. Thanks for your support.

Arizona’s National Parks

Visiting Grand Canyon, Petrified Forest, and Saguaro National Parks is a great way to see much of the state and knocks off 3 National Parks from your bucket list.

Grand Canyon: Arizona’s nickname is the “Grand Canyon State” for its most popular national park. The beauty here is honestly” take your breath away” amazing! Come armed with a plan for visiting the most popular points as you may get sidetracked if you don’t. There are many ways to see the canyon: drive Desert View Drive, hiking, biking or taking one of the many tours. You can easily spend a day here and if you want even more time there are two park lodges, or you can camp in designated camp sites. We’ve been here twice and still haven’t seen everything we want to see!

Pro Tip: Although each park is managed by the National Park Service, each has its own admission fees and policies. Consider getting a National Parks Pass, such as the America the Beautiful Pass, which will give the bearer access to any NPS site. Check the site to see which pass is most beneficial to you.

Saguaro National Park: This park is near Tucson and is famous for its beautiful giant Saguaro cactus. There are two districts in this park, Rincon Mountain District and the Tucson Mountain District. You can do either or both districts by car, bike or hiking. No matter how you spend your time here you will be amazed at not only the magnificent Saguaro but all the natural beauty in this park. I love the desert, and the Saguaro cactus is one my favorite sights in the desert. They are so majestic. I rate this as a must-see!

Petrified Forest National Park: This park is best-known for its rock formations and Triassic fossils. Visitors can hike, take a scenic drive, and explore the park’s paleo lab. Visit Puerco Pueblo and walk amidst the remains of a hundred room pueblo, occupied by the ancestral Puebloan people over 600 years ago. Petroglyphs can be viewed along the south end of the trail. Next, take a short hike along the Painted Desert Rim Trail and lastly visit the Petrified logs that the park is famous for. We haven’t made it here yet but mention native ruins and I’m ready to head out. This is on our bucket list.

Arizona’s National Monuments

Arizona has over 12 National Monuments to discover and explore. We’ll talk about 12 of them here. National monuments are areas reserved because they contain objects of historical, prehistoric, or scientific interest. Most of Arizona’s National Monuments have visitors’ centers or interpretive centers where guests can get their National Parks Passports stamped. Check the monuments websites for activities available as each park is different.

Aqua Fria National Monument The monument encompasses two mesas and the canyon of the Agua Fria River. Elevations range from 2,150 feet above sea level along the Agua Fria Canyon to about 4,600 feet in the northern hills. Enjoy hiking, camping and visiting over 100 archeological sites. Another park on my bucket list. I can’t get enough of visiting native archeological sites so this will be on top of our must sees.

Canyon de Chelly National Monument This canyon is home to Dine’ families who raise livestock, farmlands and live here. People have lived in these canyons for nearly 5,000 years, which is longer than anyone has lived continuously on the Colorado Plateau. The Navajo not only live here but run the tours, lodge, gift shop and restaurant here. This is one of my favorite places to visit! For more information about Canyon de Chelly read our blog.

Casa Grande Ruins National Monument Here you will find Ancestral Sonoran Desert People’s farming community and “Great House” that are preserved at Casa Grande Ruins. Not only can you see these ruins but learn the history of this land. You can take a tour of the area, then visit the bookstore to learn all about this amazing place. Another place on my bucket list.

Chiricahua National Monument A Wonderland of Rocks. Explore the pinnacles, spires, and balanced rocks that originated 27 million years ago by a massive volcanic eruption. Discover the history of this area while you hike, camp and do some birding in this fascinating monument. You can also tour the historic Faraway Ranch House on the property.

Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument This monument has a long human history spanning more than 11,000 years, and an equally rich geologic history spanning almost two billion years. Explore sweeping landscapes and engaging scenery on the edge of one of the most beautiful places on earth, the Grand Canyon. There are many things to do including seeing petroglyphs, visiting an old mining site and exploring the ranch house. Not to mention reveling in all that nature has to offer here. There are no paved roads here and it is very primitive, so plan ahead and be prepared. We haven’t been here yet, but I have been wanting to go back to the Grand Canyon, so we’ll have to make sure we include this monument while we are exploring the area.

Ironwood Forest National Monument This monument in the Sonoran Desert protects the many Ironwood trees along with many Saguaro cacti. The most known is an amazing 80-armed Saguaro. Like many of the other monuments, besides admiring the beautiful landscapes you can do some hiking, mountain biking or bird watching. When we lived in Tucson, we did a quick ride here and it was pretty amazing to see the Ironwood trees. We definitely need to do this monument again and give ourselves more time to explore and see all the Saguaro and do more exploring.

Montezuma Castle National Monument Established December 8, 1906; Montezuma Castle is the third National Monument dedicated to preserving Native American culture. This 20-room high-rise apartment is nestled into a towering limestone cliff. While you’re there visit Montezuma Well which is a sub-unit of Montezuma Castle.  It is located about 15-20 minutes to the North of the Castle.

Navajo National Monument Navajo National Monument represents a long cultural history. The monument was first created in 1909 to protect the remains of three large pueblos dating to the 13^th century C.E.: Keet Seel, Betatakin, and Inscription House. You can take self-guided or ranger-led tours here. Camping is also available. This is definitely on the top of our bucket list!

Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument The sights and sounds of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, an International Biosphere Reserve, reveal a thriving community of plants and animals. There are many ways to enjoy this monument from hiking, horseback riding, biking or taking one of the many scenic drives.

Pipe Spring National Monument The rich history of Pipe Spring and its flowing water comes alive as you explore the traditions of the Kaibab Paiute and the Mormon settlers through the museum, historic fort, cabins, and garden. Hike the Ridge Trail to enjoy geologic wonders, plants, and wildlife.

Sonoran Desert National Monument The monument contains three distinct mountain ranges, the Maricopa, Sand Tank and Table Top mountains. The monument also contains three congressionally designated wilderness areas, archaeological and historic sites, and remnants of several important historic trails, including the Anza Trail.

Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument The lava flow lies on the land like a wonderland of rock at this monument. A thousand years ago the ground was torn open and lava erupted, forever changing the landscape. People visit the lava flow to see and remember the most recent volcanic eruption in Arizona.

Tonto National Monument Located within the northern range of the Sonoran Desert lie two cliff dwellings that were occupied from 1300-1450 CE (common era). There are two trails you can hike: The Lower Cliff Dwelling Trail starts in the visitor center and winds up a steep path, ending in the Lower Cliff Dwelling where visitors can walk through portions of the structure and see expansive views of the basin below. The Lower Cliff Dwelling Trail is a moderate hike on a paved trail and is fully exposed with no shade. The Upper Cliff Dwelling Trail is by guided tour only. It is a 3-mile moderate/difficult hike on an unpaved area. Tours must be booked in advance.

Tuzigoot National Monument Tuzigoot National Monument is a remnant of a Sinaguan village built above the Verde Valley about 1,000 years ago. Tuzigoot, an Apache word meaning “crooked water,” is a two- to three-story pueblo ruin on the summit of a limestone and sandstone ridge. A self-guided, 1/3 mile loop trail leads you around and through the Tuzigoot pueblo, a 110-room village built around a thousand years ago. The pueblo trail also offers outstanding views of the Verde River and Tavasci Marsh. Another 1/2 mile trail (1 mile round trip), takes you to an overlook of Tavasci Marsh.

Vermilion Cliffs National Monument The monument contains many diverse landscapes, including the Paria Plateau, Vermilion Cliffs, Coyote Buttes, and Paria Canyon. The monument borders Kaibab National Forest to the west and Glen Canyon National Recreation Area to the east. The monument includes the Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs Wilderness. The monument is also home to a growing number of endangered California condors. In order to see some of the more interesting rock formations, be prepared for strenuous hikes. Please do some research before heading here. This one may be a little too much for our aging bones.

Walnut Canyon National Monument Here you will find remarkable Rocks and Ancient Cliff Dwellings. Since time immemorial, Indigenous Peoples have lived and traveled throughout Walnut Canyon’s dynamic landscape. Vibrant communities built their homes in the cliffs and farmed along the canyon’s rim. Today the park preserves this landscape, and the ancestral homes in and around the canyon. The one-mile round-trip Island Trail provides access to 25 cliff dwellings.

Wupatki National Monument This 104-room pueblo, complete with ball court and natural blow hole, is located directly behind the Wupatki Visitor Center. This pueblo is the largest free-standing pueblo in Northern Arizona. Some more places to visit here include: Lomaki and Box Canyon Pueblos Lomaki means “Beautiful House” in the Hopi language. Located at the end of this trail it had nine rooms constructed from local limestone and sandstone in the last decade of the 1100s. Wukoki Pueblo is an impressive eight room structure built on top of a large sandstone pedestal. It was occupied between the early 1100s and mid 1200s CE. The trail is 0.2 miles round trip, accessible up to the base of the pueblo, and offers grand views of the San Francisco Peaks in Flagstaff. You can also visit The Citadel and Nalakihu Trail. This trail is a 4-mile drive from the northern entrance off Highway 89, or a 10-mile drive from the Visitor Center.

Pro Tip: A well thought out plan is essential for seeing the most popular spots in any of these sites.

Arizona’s Two National Recreation Areas

Lake Mead and Glen Canyon offer water-based and backcountry recreation. Both of these offer many activities for water and wilderness enthusiasts.

Glen Canyon National Recreation Area offers the opportunity to enjoy Lake Powell plus so much more. Also stretching into Utah, Glen Canyon encompasses over 1.25 million acres, stretching hundreds of miles from Lees Ferry in Arizona to the Orange Cliffs of southern Utah. You might want to visit Horseshoe Bend while you’re here. It’s another amazing rock formation created by nature.

Lake Mead National Recreation Area has striking landscapes and brilliant blue water across 1.5 million acres of mountains, canyons, valleys and two vast lakes. There is plenty to do here, but one of our favorites is taking one of the scenic drives enjoying the landscape. See the Hoover Dam from the waters of Lake Mead or Lake Mohave or find solitude in one of the park’s nine wilderness areas. Read more about our adventures at Lake Mead here.

Arizona Has Two National Historic Sites

The National Historic Site designation is used for areas associated with American Military History

Fort Bowie National Historic Site Fort Bowie witnessed almost 25 years of conflict between the Chiricahua Apache and the US Army. Explore the history of Fort Bowie and Apache Pass as you hike to the visitor center and old fort ruins. This is a three-mile hike so keep that in mind when making plans to visit this site. If you’re a history buff, it’s well worth the trip.

Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site is the oldest operating trading post on the Navajo Nation. You can do a self-guided tour of the hogan, farm and trading post. You can also take a guided tour of the Hubbell family home with a park ranger. This is another of my favorite places to visit. I love feeling like I’m back in time trading for goods. Of course, I always have to buy something here!

Arizona’s Single National Historical Park

National Historical Parks are areas of greater physical extent and complexity than National Historic Sites

Tumacacori National Historical Park This park represents a cultural crossroads in the Santa Cruz River Valley, where Native Americans met and mingled with European missionaries, sometimes in conflict and sometimes in cooperation. Things to do include exploring the missions, taking part in a guided tour or other ranger-led programs, and hiking.

Arizona’s National Memorial

National Memorials are primarily commemorative sites

Coronado National Memorial This memorial was established to interpret the Coronado Expedition. While there is no physical evidence of the expedition in the present memorial, the park offers a sweeping view of the San Pedro River which is widely regarded as the corridor that the expedition used on their way north to the mythical Cíbola. It has a variety of activities available, such as hiking, birding, and exploring Coronado Cave.

Three National Historic Trails run through Arizona

Although these National Historic Trails aren’t exclusively in Arizona, these three trails all have parts running through the state and can be a fun bucket list item for hikers to say they’ve walked on all three.

Butterfield Overland National Historic Trail This trail runs from California to the Midwest, traversing through Southern Arizona. In 1857, businessman and transportation entrepreneur John Butterfield was awarded a contract to establish an overland mail route between the eastern United States and growing populations in the Far West. What became known as the Butterfield Overland Trail made an arcing sweep across the southern rim of the country. There are many things to do along the trail from museums to trail markers. You can hike, bike or backpack through many parts of the trail. Check the website to plan your trip.

The Juan Batista de Anza National Historic Trail This trail follows the historic route of the 1775-76 Spanish colonizing expedition from Sonora, Mexico to San Francisco. The Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail covers over 1200 miles through the homelands of 70+ Tribal communities. Check the website to find the many historic sites and places to visit along the trail.

The Old Spanish National Historic Trail This trail allows hikers to follow mule pack train routes across the Southwest. The trail runs between Santa Fe and Los Angeles, and hits six states, including bits of Northern Arizona. There are many sites along the trail that you can stop and learn the history of the area and how the trail impacted it. Arizona has many historical sites to explore, but you might need to extend your trip to see them all!

Plan Your Adventure

Arizona is more than just a destination; it’s an experience that immerses you in natural wonders and rich history. Whether you’re visiting iconic National Parks, uncovering the stories behind ancient ruins, or marveling at geological marvels, you’ll find plenty to add to your bucket list. You may have to extend your trip or visit a few times to enjoy all of these great places! Please always follow the Leave No Trace principle whenever you are traveling and leave things as you found them.

We try to help you make the best plans possible by sharing our knowledge and experiences. Anytime you’re planning a trip, whether it be a long vacation or day trip, make sure you do your research and make plans so that your trip goes smoothly. Don’t forget your camera for your adventures to save your memories. We hope to inspire you to find new adventures and have fun!

The post Arizona’s Parks: A Guide to Must-Visit Locations appeared first on scenicroutetravelers.com.

Canyon de Chelly National Monument is owned and operated by the Navajo Nation and is the only National Park service unit that is operated in this manner. It is also one of the longest continuously inhabited by the Navajo. Right now, there are about 40 families living in the park. Although this National Monument sees many visitors every year, it’s not one that is mentioned as often as some of the others such as Chaco Canyon for historic ruins. If you have never been here, add it to your bucket list! A must do is the tour through the canyon with a tour guide. Getting close to the ancient ruins and petroglyphs is an amazing experience. If you like history be sure to stop at the Welcome Center before entering the park. We’ve visited here twice and always see something new and am always amazed at not only the beauty of the canyon, but the history.

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Thing to do

Canyon de Chelly covers 83,840 acres and includes 3 canyons: Monument, Canyon de Chelly and del Muerto canyon. Stop at the Welcome Center as you head into the park and pick up a map and learn more about the park’s rules and regulations. Please be sure to respect the Navajo rules, don’t take pictures of any member of the tribe without asking and don’t move or touch anything in the Monument.

Scenic Drives

There are two overlook drives, north and south, that can be done in about 4 hours depending on how long you stay at each of the 9 scenic overlook spots. On the North rim there is Massacre Cave, Mummy Cave and Antelope House Overlook. On the South Rim there is Spider Rock, Face Rock Sliding House, White House, Junction, Tunnel, and Tsegi overlooks. Tunnel Overlook and Tsegi are very close to each and are where Canyon de Chelly and del Muerto canyon meet. Plan on 2 hours minimum per rim. You can see kivas and other ruins from the overlooks. If you’re short on time, the South Rim is the one to choose. Here you will see Spider Rock which is unique rock formation that shouldn’t be missed. I suggest spending at least one night here so that you can drive both rims and enjoy a guided tour in the canyon. Overlooks are open year-round but be prepared for snow in winter.

Guided Canyon Tours

Plan to do the guided tour while you are here. A tour into the backcountry of the canyon is truly a unique experience. Enjoy a tour into the canyon by vehicle, horseback or hiking. However you decide to get into the canyon, each tour is at least 4 hours. Private companies registered with the Navajo Parks and Recreation Department (NPRD) offer canyon tours in the park. Reservations are recommended from March to October. Use of private vehicles, ATV’s, UTV’s or motorbikes for tours are not permitted in the bottom of the canyon. If you get a tour with a Navajo guide, be sure to ask lots of questions, they are happy to tell you all about the history of the monument and their culture.

Ranger Led Programs

Enjoy a Ranger program including hikes and talks from Memorial Day to Labor Day. Special programs are offered throughout the year. Check at the Welcome Center for current activity schedule. These programs are free. The hikes are rated moderately strenuous to strenuous so be sure you know your hiking ability before you sign up for a hike. Hikes must be signed up for in person and are limited to the first 15 people.

Our Guided Tour

Although doing the rim of the canyon is breathtaking, doing the tour of the floor is the only way to go in my opinion. You get up close to the ruins that date back to the same time as Chaco Canyon ruins. We chose the 4-hour tour with a Navajo tour guide. You get to see the homesteads that are still being used here, our guide took us to his family homestead where they graze their sheep and cattle! You might even get to do some shopping if any of the families are selling their products when you are there. We were lucky both times with families selling, and I got some beautiful art pieces. Depending on the time of year your go, you will probably see some of the family’s animals. The picture below shows some of the horses we saw. We also saw some cows laying in the shade in one part of the canyon. As you go along make sure to check the splendor of colors on the canyon walls. Be sure to check ahead on weather before you go. The canyon floor does tend to flood when rain hits, and you may not be able to do the tour. For more information on the park check out NPRD website.

Staying a day or two?

There are many options to choose from if you want to spend a day or two here. The first is camping at Cottonwood Campground inside the park. The camping spots first come, first serve. If you prefer to stay in a hotel, The Thunderbird Lodge is inside the park and is owned by the Navajo Nation. You can also set up a tour of the canyon floor through them. The town of Chinle is just a few miles from the park and offers a Best Western, Holiday Inn, Quality Inn or Navajo Land Inn. There are a few restaurant options in town also.

Thunderbird Lodge

We chose to stay at The Thunderbird Lodge primarily for the convenience of scheduling a tour of the canyon with them and staying in the canyon. The lodge is older, but the rooms are clean and have everything you need for a night’s stay. The restaurant is in the original lodge that dates back to 1896. This is cafeteria-style and offers both Navajo and non-Navajo food. Their Navajo tacos are fabulous and if you decide to order the blue corn pancakes, I suggest just getting one to start off. They are about 12″ in diameter, but oh so good. There is also a trading post/gift shop here with many traditional native offerings. If you’re looking for gifts or something for yourself, you should stop in. The lodge offers 3 tour packages, so be sure to check their website to see what fits best for you. Make sure when you are exploring the canyon to take a hat as it gets very hot and the sun beats on your head. If you do a tour with the lodge, they supply water for your trip.

Conclusion

For me Canyon de Chelly is a definite bucket list park to visit. Being able to go into the canyon with a guide who is so knowledgeable is something you can’t get in other parks. It helps to understand what ancient people went through and how it still is home to the Navajo. Even though it may seem a little off the beaten path, it still is a beautiful place in New Mexico, and you can get to other places on the Navajo Nation easily from here. We not only love to travel but hope to inspire others to find their adventure and enjoy all the great places our world has to offer. Even if you just take a quick road trip near your home there is always an adventure waiting for you. Please read more of our blogs if you are interested in other places we have visited to help find your adventure.

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